In the tranquil expanse of Kapurthala’s royal landscape stands the majestic Kamra Palace, also known as the Gol Kothi. Its creation in 1833 by Raja Fateh Singh, a key figure in the princely state of Kapurthala, marks a significant chapter in the architectural and historical tapestry of the region. Raja Fateh Singh, a distinguished leader who played a crucial role in the signing of the Treaty of Amritsar with Maharaja Ranjit Singh in 1809, envisioned a residence that would reflect both his heritage and the evolving tastes of his era.
Upon Raja Fateh Singh's passing in October 1837, the palace passed into the hands of his son, Raja Nihal Singh. Raja Nihal Singh’s tenure was marked by significant political involvement; he aligned with the Lahore forces during the First Anglo-Sikh War. His support came at a steep price, as the turbulence of the times cast a shadow over his achievements. Despite the political strife, the Kamra Palace remained a symbol of Kapurthala’s grandeur and resilience.
The palace’s architectural style is a fascinating fusion of Western and Oriental elements. Its design features arched verandahs, concentric glass windows, and Roman columns that adorn the outer façade, creating a unique aesthetic blend. The Venetian parapets that lead up to the plinth of the palace add to its distinct charm, making it an architectural marvel of its time.
The Kamra Palace, which became the ‘Indian Guest House’ after Maharaja Jagatjit Singh relocated to a new palace, was later used as the residence of the Civil Surgeon until the 1960s. Following this period, it was abandoned due to safety concerns and allowed to fall into disrepair. Today, the palace stands in a dilapidated condition, with parts of it crumbling away. The main hall, supported by strong iron girders, remains relatively intact, while the outer semi-circular rooms have partially turned into debris.
The palace’s design is a remarkable example of circular architecture. Inspired by the Gibb’s Library, also known as the Radcliffe Camera in Oxford, the Kamra Palace features a free-standing circular form supported by a rusticated base and Corinthian columns. The building was constructed on a circular basement platform, now closed off and difficult to access due to debris blocking the stairs.
The palace’s exterior has suffered considerable damage, with a portion of the structure crumbled and fallen over the stairs leading to the basement. The once-grand upper portion stands precariously, awaiting further deterioration. The open courtyard, which once graced the entrance, is now a shadow of its former self. The palace’s layout included a front verandah with three arched entrances, flanked by rooms on either side. The central hall, which measured 29’ x 28’, was likely used as the drawing room.
Inside, the hall’s pilasters were beautifully decorated with floral designs up to the roof, originally painted with fine colors now obscured by layers of whitewash. Beneath this layer, traces of
shining silver paint still gleam. The semi-circular rooms had doors on both sides, and the exterior walls were designed with a semi-circular shape.
The Kamra Palace, with its rich history and unique architectural style, stands as a poignant reminder of Kapurthala’s royal past. Despite its current state of decay, it remains a significant monument to
the grandeur and elegance of the Kapurthala dynasty, waiting for a time when its story might be fully restored and appreciated once again.
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